Electronics, electrical engineering

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An electric current that changes direction rapidly. The current available from regular wall outlets is alternating current.
Amplitude-frequency characteristics (AFC)
Dependence of the amplitude of the signal at the output of the device on the frequency of the input sinusoidal signal of constant amplitude when this device operates in stationary mode.
Analog signal sample-and-hold circuit
The sample-and-hold circuit is used to record and store the value of an analog signal.
A metal strip that is actually composed of two different kinds of metals. A bimetallic strip bends or straightens depending on its temperature, and is the central component of a thermal switch.
Ratio of the bit errors number to the bits total number of the measured signal in the specified time interval.
An essential feature of any conductor system, its ability to store an electrical charge and create an electric field.
Capacitor
Capacitor is an electric device used to store charge in circuits. There are many different forms of capacitors are available depending on the type of internal dielectric and the structure of the plates.
Circuit breaker
A device that opens an electric circuit when the current in the circuit exceeds a certain value. Circuit breakers protect devices in electric circuits and prevent fires.
Clamp meter
A sort of measuring instrument equipped with a measuring sensor to measure current.
Comparator
A comparator (from the Latin comparare – "to compare") is the simplest circuit for connecting an op amp.
An electric circuit that has no gaps in it and makes a continuous path, allowing current to flow through the circuit.
The process of positive or negative charges moving from one place to another. It is a reciprocal value of electrical resistance.
A material that allows electric currents to flow through it without much difficulty.
Continuity test
An operation to check electric circuit or its part continuity, and also the ways to detect fault locations, circuit disconnection, unreliable contacts or a low resistance part, as well as, any failed parts.
Dielectric Absorption Ratio is a ratio of two insulation resistances values usually measured at 30 sec and 1 min time slot.
Differential amplifier
A differential amplifier based on the operational amplifier is an electronic amplifier with an output voltage Vout equal to the difference between V1 and V2, multiplied by a constant.
Differentiator
A differentiator based on an operational amplifier is most often built on the basis of an inverting amplifier.
An electric current that flows in only one direction. Batteries produce direct current.
EIA-96 SMD Resistor Code
The EIA-96 code is used on ±1% tolerance SMD resistors. It uses three characters (two digits and a letter) in which the digits represent the value and the letter represents the multiplier.
Electric charge is the physical property of matter that causes it to experience a force when close to other electrically charged matter. There are two types of electric charges, called positive and negative.
The name given to any collection of wires and / or electric components.
Any arrangement of charges that has a definite separation of positive and negative charges. Many atoms and molecules are naturally occurring electric dipoles.
A scientific model that one can use to explain how electric charges affect one another.
A measure of how much a given device restricts the flow of electric current.
The generic name given to any device that causes an electric current to flow continuously.
An electric device that fries when the current through it goes above a certain magnitude, thus creating an open circuit and preventing current from flowing.
Galvanic isolation of signal circuits means absence of DC coupling between them, “circuit ground” and other supply buses. Upon availability of galvanic isolation the potential of signal circuits against “circuit ground” can be significant but it can’t exceed the isolation voltage acceptable for the current interface.
A meter that indicates the magnitude of an electric current.
Ground (or grounding)
In electrical engineering, ground (grounding) or earth can refer to the reference point in an electrical circuit from which other voltages are measured, or a common return path for electric current, or a direct physical connection to the Earth.
Hall effect
The Hall effect is the production of a voltage difference (the Hall voltage) across an electrical conductor, transverse to an electric current in the conductor and a magnetic field perpendicular to the current.
A Hall probe contains an indium compound semiconductor crystal such as indium antimonide, mounted on an aluminum backing plate, and encapsulated in the probe head. The plane of the crystal is perpendicular to the probe handle. Connecting leads from the crystal are brought down through the handle to the circuit box.
The concept when dealing with alternating current that is equivalent to the concept of resistance when dealing with direct current.
Indicating measuring instrument
Measuring instrument providing an output signal carrying information about the value of the quantity being measured. For example: ammeter, micrometer, thermometer, electronic balance.
Inductance
In electromagnetism and electronics, inductance is that property of a conductor by which a change in current in the conductor "induces" (creates) a voltage (electromotive force) in both the conductor itself (self-inductance) and any nearby conductors (mutual inductance).
Instrumentation amplifier
The instrumentation amplifier is a differential amplifier with the same input resistance and the ability to adjust the gain by changing the value of only one resistor in the negative feedback circuit.
A material that does not generally conduct an electric current. Common insulators are rubber, air, and wood.
A collection of various logic circuits put together in a rather small package. Integrated circuits are essential components of most modern electric devices, from televisions to computers.
Integrator
Integrator is most often built on the basis of an inverting amplifier.
Inverting amplifier
By definition, an inverting amplifier flips (inverts) the input signal and, depending on the resistance ratios of resistors Rin and Rf at the output Vout, amplifies / attenuates / repeats the input voltage.
Logic analyzer is a multichannel device for acquisition, saving and displaying of data which represents the order of zero and units (logic state) depending on the input signal, bigger or less the specified threshold level.
Electric circuits that operate using the formalism of logic statements.
Measurement categories (CATI, CATII, CATIII, CATIV)
Electrical test & measurement tools that interact with electricity are designed for specific applications and conditions. Exceeding or deviating from application parameter can lead to inaccurate measurements or injury. Therefore there are four primary measurement categories for electrical tools: CATI, CATII, CATIII and CAT IV.
Non-inverting amplifier
A non-inverting amplifier by definition transmits a signal without inversion.
Ohm's Law defines the relationship between voltage, current and resistance in an electrical circuit.
Operational amplifier
An operational amplifier (op-amp) is an electronic amplifier of direct current, with a differential input and usually one output. Such an amplifier has a very high gain.
In electronics, an opto-isolator, also called an optocoupler, photocoupler, or optical isolator, is a component that transfers electrical signals between two isolated circuits by using light.
A circuit, or even a small section of a circuit, in which electric current has more than one path it can take.
Peak detector
Peak detector is a device designed to store the peak (minimum or maximum) value of the input signal.

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11/07/1867
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